Travelling around Japan by train is one of the best ways to explore the country. However, many first-time visitors are unsure about the rules when it comes to bringing luggage on trains — especially on the Shinkansen (bullet train).
While you can bring luggage on most trains in Japan, there are specific rules for large suitcases that many travellers don’t realise until it’s too late.
This guide explains whether you can take luggage on Japanese trains, the rules for large bags, and when you should consider luggage forwarding instead.
Quick Answer
Yes, you can take luggage on Japanese trains — but there are rules for large suitcases.
- Small to medium luggage: No restrictions
- Large luggage (oversized): Requires a reserved seat on some Shinkansen routes
- Extra fees may apply if you don’t follow the rules
If you want to avoid carrying luggage altogether:
👉 See our Luggage Forwarding in Japan (Takkyubin Guide)
Luggage Rules on Japanese Trains
For most local trains and subway lines in Japan, luggage is allowed without strict rules.
However, things change when using the Shinkansen.
Standard luggage:
- Bags under total dimensions of 160cm
- Can be stored overhead or at your feet
- No reservation required
Oversized luggage:
- Bags between 160cm and 250cm total dimensions
- Require a reserved seat with oversized luggage space
If you do not reserve this space, you may be charged an additional fee.
Shinkansen Luggage Rules (Important)
On major routes like Tokyo to Kyoto and Osaka, luggage rules are enforced more strictly.
If your suitcase is oversized:
- You must book a seat with luggage space behind it
- These seats are limited and can sell out
- Staff may charge a fee if you don’t comply
👉 This is one of the main reasons many travellers use luggage forwarding instead
Where to Store Luggage on Trains
Depending on the train, you can store luggage:
- Overhead racks (small to medium bags)
- Behind the last row of seats (reserved for oversized luggage)
- At your feet (if space allows)
Storage space is limited, especially during busy travel times.
Local Trains vs Shinkansen
Local trains:
- No strict luggage rules
- Can be crowded during peak hours
- Not ideal for large suitcases
Shinkansen:
- Comfortable and spacious
- Clear luggage rules
- Better for long-distance travel
When It’s Difficult to Travel with Luggage
Bringing luggage can be challenging if:
- You are travelling during rush hour
- You have multiple suitcases
- You need to transfer between lines
- Stations are crowded
👉 In these cases, luggage forwarding is often a better option
When to Use Luggage Forwarding Instead
Luggage forwarding is recommended if you:
- Have large suitcases
- Are travelling between cities
- Want to avoid train stress
- Prefer a smoother travel experience
👉 See our Luggage Forwarding in Japan Guide
Tips for Travelling with Luggage
- Avoid peak hours (7–9am and 5–7pm)
- Reserve Shinkansen seats if carrying large luggage
- Travel light when possible
- Use luggage forwarding for longer trips
If you’re planning your route:
👉 Follow our Japan 7 Day Itinerary (First-Time Route)
Frequently Asked Questions
Can you take suitcases on Japanese trains?
Yes, but large suitcases may require a reservation on the Shinkansen.
What counts as oversized luggage?
Bags with total dimensions over 160cm.
Do you have to pay extra for luggage?
Only if your luggage is oversized and you don’t reserve the correct seat.
Is it hard to travel with luggage in Japan?
It can be difficult during peak times or with large bags.
Conclusion
You can take luggage on Japanese trains, but understanding the rules — especially for oversized suitcases — is important.
For short trips or light packing, carrying your luggage is manageable. However, for longer journeys or larger bags, luggage forwarding is often the easiest and most convenient option.
Planning ahead will make your travel experience much smoother and more enjoyable.
👉 Next step: Learn how to get around easily with our Tokyo Subway Guide